"χθαμαλός" meaning in Ancient Greek

See χθαμαλός in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /kʰtʰa.ma.lós/, /xθa.maˈlos/, /xθa.maˈlos/, /kʰtʰa.ma.lós/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /kʰtʰa.maˈlos/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /xθa.maˈlos/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /xθa.maˈlos/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /xθa.maˈlos/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰemelo-, from *dʰéǵʰōm (“earth”) (whence χθών (khthṓn), Sanskrit kṣam). Cognate with Latin humilis, Phrygian ζεμελως (zemelōs, “man”). Same Proto-Indo-European root gave both the nouns for man and earth (Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm); compare Latin homō (“human being, man”) and humus (“ground, soil”), and similar semantic shift occurring in Semitic languages: Hebrew אָדָם (adám, “man”), אדמה (adamá, “soil”). Etymology templates: {{der|grc|ine-pro|*dʰǵʰemelo-}} Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰemelo-, {{cog|sa|क्षम्|kṣam}} Sanskrit kṣam, {{cog|la|humilis}} Latin humilis, {{cog|xpg|ζεμελως||man}} Phrygian ζεμελως (zemelōs, “man”), {{cog|ine-pro|*dʰéǵʰōm}} Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm, {{cog|la|homō||human being, man}} Latin homō (“human being, man”), {{cog|he|אָדָם||man|tr=adám}} Hebrew אָדָם (adám, “man”) Inflection templates: {{grc-adecl|χθᾰμᾰλός|ή}} Forms: χθᾰμᾰλός [canonical], khthămălós [romanization], χθᾰμᾰλή [feminine], χθᾰμᾰλόν [neuter], Attic declension-2 [table-tags], χθᾰμᾰλός [masculine, nominative, singular], χθᾰμᾰλή [feminine, nominative, singular], χθᾰμᾰλόν [neuter, nominative, singular], χθᾰμᾰλώ [dual, masculine, nominative], χθᾰμᾰλᾱ́ [dual, feminine, nominative], χθᾰμᾰλώ [dual, neuter, nominative], χθᾰμᾰλοί [masculine, nominative, plural], χθᾰμᾰλαί [feminine, nominative, plural], χθᾰμᾰλᾰ́ [neuter, nominative, plural], χθᾰμᾰλοῦ [genitive, masculine, singular], χθᾰμᾰλῆς [feminine, genitive, singular], χθᾰμᾰλοῦ [genitive, neuter, singular], χθᾰμᾰλοῖν [dual, genitive, masculine], χθᾰμᾰλαῖν [dual, feminine, genitive], χθᾰμᾰλοῖν [dual, genitive, neuter], χθᾰμᾰλῶν [genitive, masculine, plural], χθᾰμᾰλῶν [feminine, genitive, plural], χθᾰμᾰλῶν [genitive, neuter, plural], χθᾰμᾰλῷ [dative, masculine, singular], χθᾰμᾰλῇ [dative, feminine, singular], χθᾰμᾰλῷ [dative, neuter, singular], χθᾰμᾰλοῖν [dative, dual, masculine], χθᾰμᾰλαῖν [dative, dual, feminine], χθᾰμᾰλοῖν [dative, dual, neuter], χθᾰμᾰλοῖς [dative, masculine, plural], χθᾰμᾰλαῖς [dative, feminine, plural], χθᾰμᾰλοῖς [dative, neuter, plural], χθᾰμᾰλόν [accusative, masculine, singular], χθᾰμᾰλήν [accusative, feminine, singular], χθᾰμᾰλόν [accusative, neuter, singular], χθᾰμᾰλώ [accusative, dual, masculine], χθᾰμᾰλᾱ́ [accusative, dual, feminine], χθᾰμᾰλώ [accusative, dual, neuter], χθᾰμᾰλούς [accusative, masculine, plural], χθᾰμᾰλᾱ́ς [accusative, feminine, plural], χθᾰμᾰλᾰ́ [accusative, neuter, plural], χθᾰμᾰλέ [masculine, singular, vocative], χθᾰμᾰλή [feminine, singular, vocative], χθᾰμᾰλόν [neuter, singular, vocative], χθᾰμᾰλώ [dual, masculine, vocative], χθᾰμᾰλᾱ́ [dual, feminine, vocative], χθᾰμᾰλώ [dual, neuter, vocative], χθᾰμᾰλοί [masculine, plural, vocative], χθᾰμᾰλαί [feminine, plural, vocative], χθᾰμᾰλᾰ́ [neuter, plural, vocative], χθᾰμᾰλῶς [adverbial, feminine, masculine, neuter], χθᾰμᾰλώτερος [comparative, feminine, masculine, neuter], χθᾰμᾰλώτᾰτος [feminine, masculine, neuter, superlative]
  1. low, near the ground, creeping
    Sense id: en-χθαμαλός-grc-adj-7mKuJ8jt
  2. sunken, flat
    Sense id: en-χθαμαλός-grc-adj-K-yildE7
  3. epithet of Ithaca
    Sense id: en-χθαμαλός-grc-adj-jo5EsuXd Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 20 19 61 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 14 16 70 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 7 9 84
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Chthamalus",
            "2": "genus"
          },
          "expansion": "Chthamalus",
          "name": "taxfmt"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mul",
            "2": "Chthamalus",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Translingual: Chthamalus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Translingual: Chthamalus"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰǵʰemelo-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰemelo-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "क्षम्",
        "3": "kṣam"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit kṣam",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "humilis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin humilis",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xpg",
        "2": "ζεμελως",
        "3": "",
        "4": "man"
      },
      "expansion": "Phrygian ζεμελως (zemelōs, “man”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dʰéǵʰōm"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "homō",
        "3": "",
        "4": "human being, man"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin homō (“human being, man”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "he",
        "2": "אָדָם",
        "3": "",
        "4": "man",
        "tr": "adám"
      },
      "expansion": "Hebrew אָדָם (adám, “man”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰemelo-, from *dʰéǵʰōm (“earth”) (whence χθών (khthṓn), Sanskrit kṣam). Cognate with Latin humilis, Phrygian ζεμελως (zemelōs, “man”).\nSame Proto-Indo-European root gave both the nouns for man and earth (Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm); compare Latin homō (“human being, man”) and humus (“ground, soil”), and similar semantic shift occurring in Semitic languages: Hebrew אָדָם (adám, “man”), אדמה (adamá, “soil”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλός",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "khthămălós",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλή",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλόν",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-adecl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First and second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλός",
      "roman": "khthămălós",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλή",
      "roman": "khthămălḗ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλόν",
      "roman": "khthămălón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλώ",
      "roman": "khthămălṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλᾱ́",
      "roman": "khthămălā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλώ",
      "roman": "khthămălṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλοί",
      "roman": "khthămăloí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλαί",
      "roman": "khthămălaí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλᾰ́",
      "roman": "khthămălắ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλοῦ",
      "roman": "khthămăloû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλῆς",
      "roman": "khthămălês",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλοῦ",
      "roman": "khthămăloû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλοῖν",
      "roman": "khthămăloîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλαῖν",
      "roman": "khthămălaîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλοῖν",
      "roman": "khthămăloîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλῶν",
      "roman": "khthămălôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλῶν",
      "roman": "khthămălôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλῶν",
      "roman": "khthămălôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλῷ",
      "roman": "khthămălôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλῇ",
      "roman": "khthămălêi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλῷ",
      "roman": "khthămălôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλοῖν",
      "roman": "khthămăloîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλαῖν",
      "roman": "khthămălaîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλοῖν",
      "roman": "khthămăloîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλοῖς",
      "roman": "khthămăloîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλαῖς",
      "roman": "khthămălaîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλοῖς",
      "roman": "khthămăloîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλόν",
      "roman": "khthămălón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλήν",
      "roman": "khthămălḗn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλόν",
      "roman": "khthămălón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλώ",
      "roman": "khthămălṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλᾱ́",
      "roman": "khthămălā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλώ",
      "roman": "khthămălṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλούς",
      "roman": "khthămăloús",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλᾱ́ς",
      "roman": "khthămălā́s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλᾰ́",
      "roman": "khthămălắ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλέ",
      "roman": "khthămălé",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλή",
      "roman": "khthămălḗ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλόν",
      "roman": "khthămălón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλώ",
      "roman": "khthămălṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλᾱ́",
      "roman": "khthămălā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλώ",
      "roman": "khthămălṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλοί",
      "roman": "khthămăloí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλαί",
      "roman": "khthămălaí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλᾰ́",
      "roman": "khthămălắ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλῶς",
      "roman": "khthămălôs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλώτερος",
      "roman": "khthămălṓteros",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλώτᾰτος",
      "roman": "khthămălṓtătos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "χθᾰμᾰλός",
        "2": "ή"
      },
      "name": "grc-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "low, near the ground, creeping"
      ],
      "id": "en-χθαμαλός-grc-adj-7mKuJ8jt",
      "links": [
        [
          "low",
          "low"
        ],
        [
          "ground",
          "ground"
        ],
        [
          "creeping",
          "creeping"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "sunken, flat"
      ],
      "id": "en-χθαμαλός-grc-adj-K-yildE7",
      "links": [
        [
          "sunken",
          "sunken"
        ],
        [
          "flat",
          "flat"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "20 19 61",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 16 70",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 9 84",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "epithet of Ithaca"
      ],
      "id": "en-χθαμαλός-grc-adj-jo5EsuXd",
      "links": [
        [
          "epithet",
          "epithet"
        ],
        [
          "Ithaca",
          "Ithaca"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰtʰa.ma.lós/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xθa.maˈlos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xθa.maˈlos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰtʰa.ma.lós/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰtʰa.maˈlos/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xθa.maˈlos/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xθa.maˈlos/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xθa.maˈlos/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "χθαμαλός"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 3-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek adjectives",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek oxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Chthamalus",
            "2": "genus"
          },
          "expansion": "Chthamalus",
          "name": "taxfmt"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mul",
            "2": "Chthamalus",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Translingual: Chthamalus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Translingual: Chthamalus"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*dʰǵʰemelo-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰemelo-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "क्षम्",
        "3": "kṣam"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit kṣam",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "humilis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin humilis",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xpg",
        "2": "ζεμελως",
        "3": "",
        "4": "man"
      },
      "expansion": "Phrygian ζεμελως (zemelōs, “man”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*dʰéǵʰōm"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "homō",
        "3": "",
        "4": "human being, man"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin homō (“human being, man”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "he",
        "2": "אָדָם",
        "3": "",
        "4": "man",
        "tr": "adám"
      },
      "expansion": "Hebrew אָדָם (adám, “man”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰemelo-, from *dʰéǵʰōm (“earth”) (whence χθών (khthṓn), Sanskrit kṣam). Cognate with Latin humilis, Phrygian ζεμελως (zemelōs, “man”).\nSame Proto-Indo-European root gave both the nouns for man and earth (Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰōm); compare Latin homō (“human being, man”) and humus (“ground, soil”), and similar semantic shift occurring in Semitic languages: Hebrew אָדָם (adám, “man”), אדמה (adamá, “soil”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλός",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "khthămălós",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλή",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλόν",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-adecl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First and second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλός",
      "roman": "khthămălós",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλή",
      "roman": "khthămălḗ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλόν",
      "roman": "khthămălón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλώ",
      "roman": "khthămălṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλᾱ́",
      "roman": "khthămălā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλώ",
      "roman": "khthămălṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλοί",
      "roman": "khthămăloí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλαί",
      "roman": "khthămălaí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλᾰ́",
      "roman": "khthămălắ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλοῦ",
      "roman": "khthămăloû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλῆς",
      "roman": "khthămălês",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλοῦ",
      "roman": "khthămăloû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλοῖν",
      "roman": "khthămăloîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλαῖν",
      "roman": "khthămălaîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλοῖν",
      "roman": "khthămăloîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλῶν",
      "roman": "khthămălôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλῶν",
      "roman": "khthămălôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλῶν",
      "roman": "khthămălôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλῷ",
      "roman": "khthămălôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλῇ",
      "roman": "khthămălêi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλῷ",
      "roman": "khthămălôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλοῖν",
      "roman": "khthămăloîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλαῖν",
      "roman": "khthămălaîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλοῖν",
      "roman": "khthămăloîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλοῖς",
      "roman": "khthămăloîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλαῖς",
      "roman": "khthămălaîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλοῖς",
      "roman": "khthămăloîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλόν",
      "roman": "khthămălón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλήν",
      "roman": "khthămălḗn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλόν",
      "roman": "khthămălón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλώ",
      "roman": "khthămălṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλᾱ́",
      "roman": "khthămălā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλώ",
      "roman": "khthămălṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλούς",
      "roman": "khthămăloús",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλᾱ́ς",
      "roman": "khthămălā́s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλᾰ́",
      "roman": "khthămălắ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλέ",
      "roman": "khthămălé",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλή",
      "roman": "khthămălḗ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλόν",
      "roman": "khthămălón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλώ",
      "roman": "khthămălṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλᾱ́",
      "roman": "khthămălā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλώ",
      "roman": "khthămălṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλοί",
      "roman": "khthămăloí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλαί",
      "roman": "khthămălaí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλᾰ́",
      "roman": "khthămălắ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλῶς",
      "roman": "khthămălôs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλώτερος",
      "roman": "khthămălṓteros",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "χθᾰμᾰλώτᾰτος",
      "roman": "khthămălṓtătos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "χθᾰμᾰλός",
        "2": "ή"
      },
      "name": "grc-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "low, near the ground, creeping"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "low",
          "low"
        ],
        [
          "ground",
          "ground"
        ],
        [
          "creeping",
          "creeping"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "sunken, flat"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sunken",
          "sunken"
        ],
        [
          "flat",
          "flat"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "epithet of Ithaca"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "epithet",
          "epithet"
        ],
        [
          "Ithaca",
          "Ithaca"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰtʰa.ma.lós/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xθa.maˈlos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xθa.maˈlos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰtʰa.ma.lós/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʰtʰa.maˈlos/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xθa.maˈlos/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xθa.maˈlos/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/xθa.maˈlos/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "χθαμαλός"
}

Download raw JSONL data for χθαμαλός meaning in Ancient Greek (9.3kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: χθαμαλός/Ancient Greek 'Number' base_tags={'e', 'i', 'o', '2', 'n', 'A', 't', '-', 'l', 'd', 'c', 's'}",
  "path": [
    "χθαμαλός"
  ],
  "section": "Ancient Greek",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "χθαμαλός",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.